Can I submit an app that is already in the Play Store?

According to another user who asked a similar question to a Google rep, the response they got back was:

It can be a new or existing project! It does not need to be from scratch. It just needs to integrate the Gemini API

Source: Code submission question - #3 by Fifo

However, since it’s already in the Play Store, you may run into some licensing issues, so I would be careful.